Wayaka Tree – Aruba’s Sacred “Tree of Life”

The Wayaka tree (Lignum Vitae), meaning “Tree of Life”, is one of the strongest and most valuable trees in Aruba. Two species of Lignum Vitae grow on the ABC Islands:

• Roughbark Lignum Vitae (Guaiacum officinale)
• Holywood Lignum Vitae (Guaiacum sanctum)

Both species are native to the Caribbean and are known for their dense, slow-growing wood and stunning bluish-purple flowers. Despite being heavily harvested in the past, these trees are now protected and thriving in Aruba’s national parks.

How to Identify the Wayaka Tree

The Wayaka Tree in Aruba is easily recognized by its:

• Multiple twisted trunks, giving it a unique, gnarled appearance.
• Thick, leathery dark green leaves, remaining evergreen throughout the year.
• Clusters of small bluish-purple flowers, blooming several times a year.
• Bright yellow-orange fruits, attracting birds and wildlife.

Why is the Wayaka Tree So Special?

One of the Heaviest Woods in the World

The wood of the Wayaka Tree is:

• The second heaviest wood in the world, so dense that it sinks in water.
• Highly valuable, historically used for hardwood construction and fine carpentry.
• Resilient to weather and insects, making it a preferred material for shipbuilding and tools.

Ancient & Medicinal Uses of the Wayaka Tree

• Amerindian tribes in Aruba used Wayaka wood for structural posts, as discovered at the Tanki Flip archaeological site.
• The tree’s resin has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes, including anti-inflammatory and pain relief treatments.

Conservation Status – Protecting the Wayaka Tree

• Overharvesting during the 18th and 19th centuries led to drastic population declines.
• Both species have been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 1998.
• The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) lists Wayaka trees under Appendix II, meaning strict regulations control the trade of their wood.

Where Can You Find the Wayaka Tree in Aruba?

Despite past exploitation, Wayaka trees are now thriving in protected areas such as:

• Arikok National Park (Aruba)
• Washington Slagbaai National Park (Bonaire)
• Christoffel Park (Curaçao)

Final Thoughts on the Wayaka Tree in Aruba

The Wayaka Tree is a symbol of resilience and history in Aruba. Once heavily harvested, it now stands protected in national parks, continuing to bloom and thrive. As an important part of Aruba’s ecosystem and cultural heritage, its conservation remains crucial for future generations.